Assertions

This topic was updated due to the 2.1.0 MFTF release.

Assertions serve to pass or fail the test if a condition is not met. These assertions will look familiar to you if you’ve used any other testing framework, like PHPUnit.

All assertions contain the same common actions attributes: stepKey, before, and after.

Most assertions contain a message attribute that specifies the text of an informational message to help you identify the cause of the failure.

Principles

The principles for actions are also applicable to assertions.

Assertion actions have nested self-descriptive elements, <expectedResult> and <actualResult>. These elements contain a result type and a value:

  • type
    • const (default)
    • int
    • float
    • bool
    • string
    • variable
    • array
  • value

If variable is used, the test transforms the corresponding value to $variable. Use the stepKey of a test, that returns the value you want to use, in assertions:

actual="stepKeyOfGrab" actualType="variable"

To use variables embedded in a string in expected and actual of your assertion, use the {$stepKey} format:

actual="A long assert string {$stepKeyOfGrab} with an embedded variable reference." actualType="variable"

Example

The following example shows a common test that gets text from a page and asserts that it matches what we expect to see. If it does not, the test will fail at the assert step.

<!-- Grab a value from the page using any grab action -->
<grabTextFrom selector="#elementId" stepKey="stepKeyOfGrab"/>

<!-- Ensure that the value we grabbed matches our expectation -->
<assertEquals message="This is an optional human readable hint that will be shown in the logs if this assert fails." stepKey="assertEquals1">
   <expectedResult type="string">Some String</expectedResult>
   <actualResult type="variable">A long assert string {$stepKeyOfGrab} with an embedded variable reference.</actualResult>
</assertEquals>

Elements reference

assertElementContainsAttribute

Example:

<assertElementContainsAttribute selector=".admin__menu-overlay" attribute="style" expectedValue="color: #333;" stepKey="assertElementContainsAttribute"/>
Attribute Type Use Description
selector string required  
expectedValue string optional A value of the expected result.
attribute string required  
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertArrayIsSorted

The <assertArrayIsSorted> asserts that the array is sorted according to a specified sort order, ascending or descending.

Example:

<assertArrayIsSorted sortOrder="asc" stepKey="assertSorted">
    <array>[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]</array>
</assertArrayIsSorted>
Attribute Type Use Description
sortOrder Possible values: asc, desc required A sort order to assert on array values.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the test step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

It contains an <array> child element that specifies an array to be asserted for proper sorting. It must be in typical array format like [1,2,3,4,5] or [alpha, brontosaurus, zebra].

assertArrayHasKey

See assertArrayHasKey docs on codeception.com

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertArrayNotHasKey

See assertArrayNotHasKey docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertArraySubset

See assertArraySubset docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
strict boolean optional  
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertContains

See assertContains docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertCount

See assertCount docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertEmpty

See assertEmpty docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertEquals

See assertEquals docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
delta string optional  
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertFalse

See assertFalse docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required Actual value.
actualType assertEnum optional Type of actual value.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertFileExists

See assertFileExists docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertFileNotExists

See assertFileNotExists docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertGreaterOrEquals

See assertGreaterOrEquals docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertGreaterThan

See assertGreaterThan docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertGreaterThanOrEqual

See assertGreaterThanOrEqual docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertInstanceOf

See assertInstanceOf docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertInternalType

See assertInternalType docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertIsEmpty

See assertIsEmpty docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertLessOrEquals

See assertLessOrEquals docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertLessThan

See assertLessThan docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertLessThanOrEqual

See assertLessThanOrEqual docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotContains

See assertNotContains docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotEmpty

See assertNotEmpty docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotEquals

See assertNotEquals docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
delta string optional  
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotInstanceOf

See assertNotInstanceOf docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotNull

See assertNotNull docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotRegExp

See assertNotRegExp docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNotSame

See assertNotSame docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertNull

See assertNull docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertRegExp

See assertRegExp docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertSame

See assertSame docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertStringStartsNotWith

See assertStringStartsNotWith docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertStringStartsWith

See assertStringStartsWith docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

assertTrue

See assertTrue docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
message string optional Text of informational message about a cause of failure.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

expectException

See expectException docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
expected string required A value of the expected result.
expectedType string optional A type of the expected result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
actual string required A value of the actual result.
actualType string optional A type of the actual result. Possible values: const (default), int, float, bool, string, variable, array.
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.

fail

See fail docs on codeception.com.

Attribute Type Use Description
message string required  
stepKey string required A unique identifier of the text step.
before string optional stepKey of action that must be executed next.
after string optional stepKey of the preceding action.
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