SSH and sFTP

You must create an SSH key pair on every machine and workspace you and your team expect to work with and access Magento Commerce (Cloud) and GitHub branches. The SSH keys connect you to GitHub to manage branches and push code without having to constantly supply your username and password. You can add multiple SSH keys to GitHub per each workspace you use.

The SSH keys require the following:

• Set up SSH keys as the Magento file system owner.
• Create the keys using the email address used for the GitHub account.

For more information on SSH keys, see the following:

• Connecting to GitHub with SSH
• Manually generating your SSH key in Windows
• ssh-keygen man page

Locate an existing SSH key pair

An existing SSH key pair is typically located in the .ssh subdirectory of the user’s home directory. This folder is hidden and may not display in the file manager or finder unless configured to display hidden files and folders.

You can quickly verify if you have SSH keys by entering commands using terminal access.

To check for SSH keys, enter the following command:

ls ~/.ssh

If you have SSH keys, a directory listing is displayed similar to the following:

id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

If you don’t have SSH keys, you need to generate the keys for adding to your Magento ECE account and GitHub account. See Create a new SSH key pair.

If you already have SSH keys, continue to:

• Add a public SSH key to your Magento account section
• Add your SSH key to your GitHub account

Create a new SSH key pair

Use the ssh-keygen command to create an SSH key pair. ssh-keygen is typically installed on Linux systems.

To create an SSH key pair:

1. The command syntax follows, entering the email used for your GitHub account:

    ssh-keygen -t rsa
   

   GitHub also uses the key length -b 4096 in the command. Follow the prompts to complete the key.

2. When prompted to “Enter a file in which to save the key,” press Enter to save the file to the default location. The prompt displays the location.

3. When prompted to enter a secure passphrase, enter a phrase to use like a password. Make note of this passphrase. You may be requested to enter it depending on tasks you complete using a terminal during development.

4. After creating the SSH key pair, start the ssh-agent:

   For Mac or Linux:

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"  For Mac, you may also want to edit the  `~/.ssh/config` file to automatically load keys into the ssh-agent and store passphrases in your keychain.
   
    Host *
        AddKeysToAgent yes
        UseKeychain yes
        IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
   

   For Windows:

    $ eval $(ssh-agent -s)
   

5. Add the SSH key to the ssh-agent. If you used a different name for the key file name, replace id_rsa with that file name.

   For Mac:

    ssh-add -K ~/.ssh/id_rsa
   

   For Windows or Linux:

    ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
   

6. Add your SSH key to your GitHub account. The instructions include Mac, Windows, and Linux.

Test the SSH keys

After adding the SSH keys, test the SSH connection to GitHub:

1. In the terminal, enter the following command:

    ssh -T git@github.com
   

2. You may see a warning that the authenticity of the host can’t be established followed by an RSA fingerprint. Enter yes to continue.

3. If successful, you should receive a success message. If you receive a permission denied error, see Error: Permission denied (publickey) troubleshooting on GitHub.

Add a public SSH key to your Magento account

You can add SSH keys to your account in any of the following ways:

• Using the Magento Commerce (Cloud) CLI
• Using the Magento Commerce (Cloud) Web Interface

Add a key using the CLI

To add an SSH key using the CLI:

1. Open a terminal application on your local.

2. If you haven’t done so already, log in (or switch to) the Magento file system owner to the server on which your SSH keys are located.

3. Log in to your project:

   magento-cloud login
   

4. Add the key:

   magento-cloud ssh-key:add ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
   

Add a key using the Project Web Interface

You will select and add your SSH public key to each environment in your account.

• Starter: Add to Master (Production) and any environments you create by branching from Master
• Pro: Add to Master Integration environment. After your Staging and Production environments are provisioned, you can add the SSH keys to those environments.

To add an SSH key using the Project Web Interface:

1. Copy your SSH public key to the clipboard.

   If you don’t already have SSH keys on that machine, see GitHub documentation to create them.

2. Login and access your project through the Project Web Interface.

3. In your selected branch, an icon displays if you do not have an SSH key added.

   

4. Copy and paste the content of your public SSH key in the screen.

   

5. Follow the prompts on your screen to complete the task.

Set global Git variables

Set required global Git variables on the machine to commit or push to a Git branch. These variables set Git credentials for accessing your GitHub account.

To set variables, enter the following commands on every workspace:

git config --global user.name "<your name>"
git config --global user.email <your e-mail address>

For more information, see First-Time Git Setup

SSH to an environment

You can connect using SSH in any of the following ways:

• SSH using Magento Cloud CLI
• Locate the SSH command in the Project Web Interface
• Git SSH commands for Pro Staging and Production

SSH using Magento Cloud CLI

Magento Cloud CLI commands can only be used in environments with the software installed. These environments include:

• Starter environments
• Pro Integration environments

To SSH to an environment using the Magento Cloud command line:

1. Log in to the project:

   magento-cloud login
   

2. List the project IDs:

   magento-cloud project:list
   

3. List the environments in that project:

   magento-cloud environment:list -p <project ID>
   

4. SSH to the environment:

   magento-cloud ssh -p <project ID> -e <environment ID>
   

Locate the SSH command in the Project Web Interface

You can locate the SSH command for all Starter environments and Pro Integration environments through the Project Web Interface.

To copy the SSH command:

1. Log in to the Project Web Interface.
2. Select an environment or branch to access.

3. Click Access Site.

   

4. Click the clipboard button to copy the full SSH command to the clipboard.
5. Enter the command in a terminal window to SSH.

Example SSH command:

ssh abcdefg123abc-smith-a12b34c--mymagento@ssh.us-2.magento.cloud

Git SSH commands for Pro Staging and Production

You can’t use the Magento Cloud CLI to SSH into Pro plan Staging and Production systems. You can SSH into those environments and use Git CLI commands for managing your branches and Linux/Unix commands for managing the system.

With your SSH keys added to those servers, you can use a terminal application, the SSH command, and the URL to access the server.

For the URLs, see the following:

• Staging: http[s]://staging.<your domain>.c.<project ID>.ent.magento.cloud

• Production:

  • Load balancer URL: http[s]://<your domain>.c.<project ID>.ent.magento.cloud
  • Direct access to one of the three redundant servers: http[s]://<your domain>.{1|2|3}.<project ID>.ent.magento.cloud

SSH tunneling

magento-cloud tunnel:list

cd <project directory>
magento-cloud project:list
magento-cloud apps

magento-cloud tunnel:open -e <environment ID> --app <app name>

magento-cloud tunnel:open -e sprint5 --app mymagento

SSH tunnel opened on port 30003 to relationship: solr
SSH tunnel opened on port 30004 to relationship: redis
SSH tunnel opened on port 30005 to relationship: database
Logs are written to: /home/magento_user/.magento/tunnels.log

List tunnels with: magento-cloud tunnels
View tunnel details with: magento-cloud tunnel:info
Close tunnels with: magento-cloud tunnel:close

magento-cloud tunnel:info -e <environment ID>

mysql --host=127.0.0.1 --user='<database user name>' --pass='<user password>' --database='<name>' --port='<port>'