Python Version
We recommend using the latest version of Python 3. Werkzeug supports Python 3.4 and newer and Python 2.7.
Dependencies
Werkzeug does not have any direct dependencies.
Optional dependencies
These distributions will not be installed automatically. Werkzeug will detect and use them if you install them.
- SimpleJSON is a fast JSON implementation that is compatible with
Python’s
jsonmodule. It is preferred for JSON operations if it is installed. - termcolor provides request log highlighting when using the development server.
- Watchdog provides a faster, more efficient reloader for the development server.
Virtual environments
Use a virtual environment to manage the dependencies for your project, both in development and in production.
What problem does a virtual environment solve? The more Python projects you have, the more likely it is that you need to work with different versions of Python libraries, or even Python itself. Newer versions of libraries for one project can break compatibility in another project.
Virtual environments are independent groups of Python libraries, one for each project. Packages installed for one project will not affect other projects or the operating system’s packages.
Python 3 comes bundled with the venv module to create virtual
environments. If you’re using a modern version of Python, you can
continue on to the next section.
If you’re using Python 2, see Install virtualenv first.
Create an environment
Create a project folder and a venv folder within:
mkdir myproject
cd myproject
python3 -m venv venv
On Windows:
py -3 -m venv venv
If you needed to install virtualenv because you are on an older version of Python, use the following command instead:
virtualenv venv
On Windows:
\Python27\Scripts\virtualenv.exe venv
Activate the environment
Before you work on your project, activate the corresponding environment:
. venv/bin/activate
On Windows:
venv\Scripts\activate
Your shell prompt will change to show the name of the activated environment.
Install Werkzeug
Within the activated environment, use the following command to install Werkzeug:
pip install Werkzeug
Living on the edge
If you want to work with the latest Werkzeug code before it’s released, install or update the code from the master branch:
pip install -U https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/archive/master.tar.gz
Install virtualenv
If you are using Python 2, the venv module is not available. Instead, install virtualenv.
On Linux, virtualenv is provided by your package manager:
# Debian, Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv
# CentOS, Fedora
sudo yum install python-virtualenv
# Arch
sudo pacman -S python-virtualenv
If you are on Mac OS X or Windows, download get-pip.py, then:
sudo python2 Downloads/get-pip.py
sudo python2 -m pip install virtualenv
On Windows, as an administrator:
\Python27\python.exe Downloads\get-pip.py
\Python27\python.exe -m pip install virtualenv
Now you can continue to Create an environment.